More sedate: Tommy Miles is an New York City based independent scholar, writer, and political analyst focusing on contemporary Francophone West Africa. He is a former PhD candidate at Columbia University, where he studied the history of Modern France and French Imperialism in West Africa. Miles has been active in a number of political movements, and is a former chair of the Socialist Party's New York City Local. Less sedate: Tommy Miles is an avid observer of Francophone West Africa, notably Nigerien and Malian affairs, as well as capitalism and anti-capitalist struggles worldwide. Once a PhD candidate in French colonial history at Columbia University, Miles decided he preferred life outside the stacks, and is now a dba and web based application developer in New York City. His other interests include the socialism, Glasgow Celtic, Adidas Kegler Supers, watching Europeans get in fights, collecting African commemorative Wax Prints, eating his vegetables, and keeping both his cat and his wife happy.